A timber structure is only as strong as its connections. While choosing the right timber dimensions is essential, the way beams, joists, rafters and posts are connected is equally important.
Metal timber connectors provide reliable and repeatable connections between structural timber members, helping transfer loads and reinforce critical joints. However, there is no single connector suitable for every application.
The right choice depends on what you are connecting, the timber dimensions, the loads, the fixing method and the installation environment.
In this guide, we look at the main types of timber connectors and what to consider when choosing them.
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Which Timber Connector Do You Need?
The first step is to identify the type of connection you need to make.
Joist Hangers
Joist HangersWhen a joist needs to be supported by a beam or another timber member, a joist hanger provides a dedicated bearing connection.
Joist hangers are commonly used in floors, decks, roof structures and timber framing. The correct model depends on the dimensions of the timber, the load and the way the connection is configured.
Purlin & Rafter Connectors
Purlin & Rafter ConnectorsRoof structures often require connections between rafters, purlins and other timber members.
Purlin and rafter connectors are designed specifically for these applications, helping create consistent and efficient connections in roof structures.
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Structural Angle Brackets
Structural Angle BracketsStructural angle brackets are a versatile solution for connecting beams, posts and other timber members, particularly where elements meet at an angle.
They can be used in pergolas, carports, timber frames, roof structures and many other applications.
Connector Plates & Straps
Connector Plates & StrapsConnector plates and straps are used to reinforce timber joints, connect structural members and provide additional resistance against tension or separation forces.
Their larger fixing area makes them useful for a wide range of timber construction applications.
Bracing Straps
Bracing StrapsTimber structures may also require additional resistance against lateral movement.
Bracing straps help stabilise timber frames and roof structures by providing additional restraint against horizontal forces such as wind.
The required bracing arrangement depends on the overall structural design.
5 Things to Check Before Choosing a Connector
1. What Are You Connecting?
Start with the connection itself. Is it a joist to a beam, a rafter to a purlin, a beam to a post, or a joint that needs reinforcement?
Once the connection type is clear, it becomes easier to identify the appropriate connector.
2. What Are the Timber Dimensions?
Check the width, height and geometry of the timber members.
The connector needs to fit the timber correctly, but physical fit alone does not determine whether it is suitable for the application.
3. What Loads Act on the Connection?
Connections can be exposed to vertical loads, shear forces, lateral forces and tension or uplift.
The connector should therefore be selected according to the forces that need to be transferred, not simply according to the size of the timber.
4. Where Will It Be Installed?
Outdoor timber structures are exposed to moisture and changing environmental conditions.
For exterior applications, consider the corrosion protection and material of the connector according to the expected exposure and service conditions.
5. How Will It Be Fixed?
The connector and its fixings work together as one connection
Always check which screws, nails, bolts or other fasteners are specified for the connector. The number, diameter, length and arrangement of the fixings can affect the performance of the connection.
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The Connector Is Only Part of the Connection
A metal connector does not work independently. The performance of the complete connection depends on the combination of the connector, timber, fixings, geometry and applied loads.
Using a larger connector or adding more fixings does not automatically create a stronger connection. The complete installation needs to be considered.
For structural applications, always follow the manufacturer's technical information and specified fixing requirements.
What About the Foundation?
The connection between a timber structure and its foundation also needs to be considered as part of the overall design.
For concrete foundations, post bases provide a defined connection between the timber post and the concrete while keeping the timber away from direct contact with the foundation.
Where a concrete foundation is not required or is not practical, ground screws can provide foundation points directly in the soil.
When Should You Consult a Structural Engineer?
For small timber structures, connector selection can often be made using the manufacturer's technical information.
For larger or load-bearing structures, the connections should form part of the structural design. The designer should consider the timber, loads, connectors, fixings and foundation as one complete system.
Choose the Right Connection for Your Project
The right timber connector is not simply the largest or strongest-looking product. It is the connector that is appropriate for the connection type, loads, timber dimensions, fixing method and installation conditions.
From joist hangers and rafter connectors to structural angle brackets, plates, straps and post bases, the right hardware can make timber construction more reliable, consistent and efficient.
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If you are unsure which connector or fixing is suitable for your project, send us the timber dimensions, connection details, drawings or photographs and we can help identify the appropriate solution.
